Ciwon mara ga mata a lokacin jinin haila/Al'ada da yanda ake maganin sa (Dysmenorrhoea - Menstrual Pain)

Gabatarwa:

Ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila abu ne da ke yawan damuwar mata musamman matasa 'yan shekara sha huɗu (14) zuwa ashirin da biyar (25). Yana da kyau a gane cewa ciwon mara wanda ke zuwa daf da mace zata fara jinin al'ada ko bayan ta fara, mafi akasari ba abu ne wanda wata cuta ko rashin lafiya yake kawo wa  ba.

Wane irin ciwon mara ne ke da alaƙa da jinin haila?

Ciwon mara da keda alaƙa da jinin haila shi ne wanda ke zuwa daf da mace zata fara ganin jinin haila ko da zarar ta fara. Yana zuwa cikin kwana ɗaya ko biyu kamin farawa ko bayan farawa, haka kuma zai daina kamin ta gama ko kuma daga zarar ta gama. Yana sanya mata rashin walwala da ɓacin rai wata rana har suji kamar sun shiga ƙunci!(mood swings). Haka zalika yana iya zuwa tare da amai ko gudawa ko tashin zuciya ko kasala. Yanayin wannan ciwo idan ya fara, yakan taso ya kwanta kamin ya ƙara sake sake tasowa[¹].

Me yake sa ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila/al'ada?

Muhimman abubuwan da ke cikin marar mace sune mahaifar ta da sauran sassan al'aurar ta. Ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila ko al'ada yana faruwa ne saboda takura da mahaifa ke yi a lokacin da naman jikin mahaifa yake mammatsewa domin tilasta jijiyoyin jinin dake cikin maihafa su fashe su fara zubar da wannan jinin na haila[¹]. Wannan takurar da mahaifa ke sha a lokacin da namanta ya fara mammatsewa yakan hana ta samun isasshen jini da iska, rashin isashen jini da iska shi ne zaisa mahaifa ta fara fitar da wasu sinadarai na frostaglandins (prostaglandins and bradykinins) wanda sune musabbabin jin ciwon mara.

Dangane da abubuwan da ke sa ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila likitoci masu ƙwarewa ta musamman a fannin kula da mata masu ciki da al'aurar mata (Obstetrics and gynecology) sun raba ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila gida biyu (2) kamar haka(2);

1. Ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila kashi na farko - Primary Dysmenorrhoea 

Wannan kalan ciwon marar ba abinda ke kawo shi face abinda muka ambata a baya. Shi wannan ciwon baya da alaƙar komai da wata cuta ko rashin lafiya. Kusan ko wace mace zata ɗanɗane shi a rayuwar ta, sai dai na wasu matan ya fi na wasu. Ciwon ya fi tsanani ga mata matasa sababbin fara al'ada 'yan kasa da shekaru ashirin, kuma tsananin shi yana ragewa kaɗan-kaɗan lokacin da mace take ƙara shekaru. Wasu matan ciwon yakan daina baki ɗaya bayan sunyi haihuwar farko[²].

2. Ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila kashi na biyu - Secondary Dysmenorrhoea 

Wannan ciwon mara shi ne ake alaƙanta shi da wasu cututtuka ko rashin lafiya. Cututtuka da ke kawo irin wannan ciwon sun haɗa da:

1. Endometriosis: Wannan shi ne samun ƙwayar tantanin halittun bangon mahaifa na ciki (endometrium) a wani guri da ba mahaifa ba, musamman cikin kwankwaso.

2. Adenomyosis: Samun ƙwayar tantanin halittun bangon mahaifa na ciki, a cikin naman mahaifa (bangon mahaifa na tsakiya).

3. Cutar sanyin gonoriya ko klamidiya

4. Matsewar bakin mahaifa

5. Ciwon dajin mahaifa

Yadda ake  maganin ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila

Da farko likita zai yi bincike mai zurfi akan marar lafiyar domin ya tabbatar da wani irin ciwon mara ne. Sannan zai iya aika marar lafiya ɗakin gwaji ayi wasu gwaje-gwaje da zasu tabbatar da ce akwai ko babu wata cuta da ta haddasa wannan ciwon(2).

Hanyoyin samun sauki daga ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila sun haɗa da:

1. Gashi da robar zuwan zafi: Gashi da robar ruwan zafi hanya ce mai aiki sosai domin rage raɗaɗin ciwon dake zuwa tare da jinin haila. Ita wannan roba ana chika ta ne da ruwa masu ɗimi sai a ɗora ta akan mara na ɗan wani lokaci. 

Rage radadim ciwon mara da robar ruwan zafi

Akwai gorar roba da ake sa ruwan zafi wadda turawa suka ƙirƙira ta musamman domin wannan aiki ana kiranta hot water bottle, kamar yadda muka gani a wannan hoto dake sama👆.

Amma idan mace ba ta da irinta takan iya samun karamin galan ɗin da babu komai acikinsa (empty gallon) ko gorar roba sai a cika da ruwan zafi a dunƙule shi a towel ko tsumma sannan a ɗora akan mara kamar yanda zamu gani akan wannan hoto da ke a ƙasa👇

2. Tausa da shafa marar da hannuwa (massage): Masana sun gano cewa tausa da shasshafa mara da hannuwa abinda bature ke kira da 'gentle massage' ita ma wata ingantattan hanyace da ke rage raɗaɗin ciwon mara.

3. Rage cin kayan chocolate: Masana sun gano cewa kayan zaki na chocolate musamman masu launin ruwan hanta (brown chocolate) suna tsananta ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila. Saboda haka kiyaye cin wadannan kayan zaki yana taimakawa mata masu fuskantar matsanancin ciwon mara a yayin jinin haila.

4. Magungunan da ake amfani dasu: Ana amfani da magungunan rage ciwo wajen maganin ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila. 

A lura cewa, ciwon mara a lokacin haila kashi na biyu (wanda ke faruwa sanadiyar wasu cututtuka, kamar yadda muka yi bayani a sama) sai an fara maganin cutar da ta kawo ciwon sannan a haɗa da magungunan kashe ciwo. Magungunan da ake amfani dasu sun haɗa[³]:

1. Ibuprofen

2. Diclofenac

3. Brustan N da dai sauran su

4. Paracetamol

5. Peroxicam

A lura cewa yawan tu'ammali da Waɗannan magungunan na sama yana haifar da cutar gymbon ciki (ulcer) kamar yadda zamu iya gani acikin wannan rubutu "Abubuwan da ke kawo ulcer, alamomin ta da kuma ingantaccen maganin ta da zaisa ka warke". Saboda haka a kiyaye yadda ake shan su kuma a daina sha da zarar ciwon ya daina. Haka kuma, duk macen da ta san tanada ulcer toh ta giji shan waɗannan magunguna da muka ambata a sama.

Maimakon wadancan magungunan dake sama, mace tanada ulcer zata iya shan 

6. Buscopan

7. Mefenamic acid (Fenamex)

8. Combine oral contraceptives pills: (COCP) idan ansha waɗan chan magungunan basuyi ba to likita zai iya baka waɗanda ake kira COCP. Su waɗannan magungunan na COCP asalin su magungunana ne tazarar iyali amma an gano suna maganin ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila sosai(2). 

Hanyoyin da mace zata kare kanta da ciwon mara a lokacin jinin haila/al'ada.

Babu takamammiyar hanyar da mace zata kare kanta daga ciwon mara kashi na farko amma takan kare kanta daga kashi na biyu ta hanyar magance cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da ciwon.

Duk da haka wasu masana sun ɗan yi tsokaci akan wasu abubuwan da kan iya kare mace daga ciwon mara yayin da take al'ada. Abubuwan sune kamar haka(3):

1. Yawaita chin abinci mai gina jiki.

2. Yawan motsa jiki.

3. Daina shan giya da sigari ga masu yi

4. Rage chin abincin da ke dauke da sinadarin caffein kamar, Goro, Lipton, Nescafé, Coffee da kuma Black Tea.

Bayanin rufewa

A taƙaice munga cewa ciwon mara abu ne mai damuwar matasan mata sosai a cikin al'umma. Kuma munga yadda ya rabu gida biyu, kashi na farko shi ne wanda ba a alaƙanta shi da wata cuta, kashi na biyu shi ne wasu cutuka ke haifar wa. Kana munga cewa ana amfani da magungunan kashe jiki da kuma maganin mefenamic acid, buscopan da kuma cocp wajen kawar da ciwon.

Idan kuna da tambaya sai kuyi a cikin akwatin sharhi dake ƙasa, Insha Allah zamu karba ba tare da jinkiri ba. Haka kuma zaku iya shiga group dinmu na WhatsApp domin kasancewa damu damu a koda yaushe da kuma samun ingantattun bayanan mu a cikin sauki. Ku danna wannan domin shiga: Lafiyata Group 3. 

Nassoshi

1. Abdominal Stretching Exercise in Decreasing Pain of Dysmenorrhea Among Nursing Students M. Nadjib Bustan1, Arifin Seweng2 and Ernawati1 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

2. A case study of the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its effects among females of different age groups.

Ogunnaike Philip Olubunmi, Olatunji Sunday Yinka, Owolabi Joshua Oladele, Lawrence Ibeojo Glory, Olanrewaju John Afees

Journal of Experimental & Integrative Medicine 6 (3), 2016

3. Ellen W Freeman, Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: definitions and diagnosis11Adapted from the symposium on Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorders, July 17, 2000, Rhodes, Greece, Psychoneuroendocrinology, Volume 28, Supplement 3, 2003, Pages 25-37, ISSN 0306-4530

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