Tsukewar bututun fitsari (Urethral stricture)

Gabatarwa:

Tsukewar bututun fitsari cuta ce da ke damuwar maza masu shekaru dayawa. Wannan cutar tana daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke kawo matsanancin riƙewar fitsari (acute urinary retention). Matsanancin riƙewar fitsari wata cuta ce da ake siffantawa da abubuwa kamar haka:

1. Toshewar gudanar fitsari daga mafitsara zuwa waje yadda mutum na jin fitsari sosai amma baya iya yinsa.
2. Azababben ciwon mara.
3. Da kuma cikar mafitsara tumbul da fitsari.

Tsukewar bututun fitsari 

Mene ne bututun fitsari?

Kamin mu cigaba da bayani akan tsukewar bututun fitsari, yana da kyau muyi fashin baƙi game da mene ne bututun fitsari. Bututun fitsari wani kwararo ne dake ɗaukar fitsari daga mafitsara zuwa waje. 

A maza, wannan bututun ya fara ne daga bakin wuyan mafitsara har zuwa ƙarshen azzakari a inda ya buɗe a ƙofar da ke ƙarshen azzakari wadda ke fitar da fitsari da sauran abubuwan da ke fita daga azzakari. Bututun fitsarin maza tsayinsa yakai kimanin sentimita goma sha takwas zuwa sentimita ashirin da biyu (18-22)cm. Likitoci masana al'aurar maza sun raba bututun fitsarin maza zuwa gida biyu kamar haka:

1. Bututun fitsari na baya (Posterior urethra): Wannan bututun shi ne ke cikin mara, ya fara daga mafitsara zuwa kusa da tushen azzakari.
2. Bututun fitsari na gaba (Anterior urethra): Wannan bututun shi ne ke cikin azzakari, ya fara daga inda bututun fitsari na baya ya ƙare zuwa ƙofar azzakari. Kuma wannan shi ne bututun da yafi samun matsalar tsukewa.

Bututun fitsarin maza

A mata kuwa wannan bututun ya fara ne daga bakin wuyan mafitsara a cikin mara sannan ya buɗe zuwa waje a tsakanin leɓɓan farji ƙanana, sama kaɗan da ƙofar farji. Bututun fitsarin mata yafi na maza yelwa haka kuma yafi na maza rashin tsayi, tsayinsa kimanin sentimita huɗu ne kawai (4cm). Wannan dalilin shi yasa mata basu samun matsalar tsukewar bututun fitsari.

Bututun fitsarin mata

Mene ne tsukewar bututun fitsari?

Tsukewar bututun fitsari shi ne rage yelwar bututun fitsarin da ke cikin azzakari sanadiyyar wani tabo dake jikin bututun wanda zai kawo cikas ga kwararar fitsari daga mafitsara zuwa waje. Wannan tsukewar tana faruwa ne a lokacin da wata cuta ta shafi bututun har ta haifar da tabo a jikinsa ko kuma sanadiyyar wani rauni da bututun ya taɓa samu.

Tsukewar bututun fitsari 

Kashe-kashen tsukewar bututun fitsari

Maza su ne suka fi samun matsalar bututun fitsari ko kuma rauni ga bututun fitsari saboda tsawon da bututun nasu yake da. Wannan shi yasa tsukewar bututun fitsari tafi yawa a cikin maza musamman waɗanda suka manyanta da kuma tsofaffi, yanada wahala kaga mace ko ƙananan yara da matsalar tsukewar bututun. Bututun fitsari yakan iya tsukewa a ko wane wuri tun daga inda ya fara a wuyan mafitsara har zuwa inda ya ƙare a ƙofar azzakari. Amma kamar yadda mukayi bayani a baya, tsukewar bututun tafi shafuwar bututun fitsari na gaba (Anterior urethra).

Masana sun kasa tsukewar bututun fitsari kamar haka:

1. Tsukewar da ta shafi bututun fitsari na baya wadda ake kira da posterior urethral stricture. 
2. Tsukewar da ta shafi bututun fitsari na gaba wadda ake kira da anterior urethral stricture.

Abubuwan da ke kawo tsukewar bututun fitsari

1. Rauni ga bututun fitsari
2. Cutar sanyin Gonorrhoe
3. Cutar sanyin Chlamydia
4. Samun matsala wajen sanya robar fitsari
5. Daɗewa sanye da robar fitsari a jiki
6. Samun matsala wajen cire robar fitsari
7. Tiyatar cire prostate da akeyi ta hanyar bututun fitsari
8. Mummunan rauni ga azzakari
9. Kariyar ƙugu ko kwankwaso
10. Faɗuwa daga icce da ƙafafu buɗe
11. Sanƙarar bututun fitsari
12. Wasu lokuta ba'a iya gane wani dalili da ya kawo tsukewar. Tsukewar tana faruwa haka kawai.

Alamomin tsukewar bututun fitsari

Tsukewar bututun fitsari ta kan sa ƙarfin kwararar fitsari daga mafitsara zuwa waje ya ragu sakamakon rage yelwar da bututun yayi. Wannan matsalar tana haifar da wasu matsaloli kamar haka:

1. Urinary urgency: Wannan shi ne matsanancin jin fitsari, tun kamin mutum yaje banɗaki sai yaji kamar fitsari zai kucce masa.
2. Hesitancy: Wannan shi ne rashin fitar fitsari da wuri ko kuma jinkiri kamin fitsari ya fara fita bayan mutum yaje banɗaki ya duƙa duk da cewa yana jin fitsarin sosai. Masu wannan matsalar sukan iya ɗaukar daƙiƙa talatin zuwa mintuna kamin su samu fitsari ya fara fitowa. Watarana baya fara fita sai sun fara yunƙuri.
3. Straining: Wannan shi ne yunƙuri a wajen fitsari. 
4. Poor streaming: Wannan shi ne fitar fitsari sannu-sannu ba ƙarfi. Idan mutum yana yin fitsari a ƙasa, zai ga fitsarin nasa baya iya huda ƙasa. Wanda keda matsalar tsukewar bututun fitsari idani yayi yunƙuri ƙarfin fitar fitsarin zai ƙaru saɓanin wanda keda matsalar BPH ko sanƙarar prostate shi ko yayi yunƙuri a banza ne.
5. Spraying of urine: Wannan shi ne rabuwar fitsari gida-gida yana fita kamar ana feshi ko kuma an kunna shawa.
6. Dribbling: Wannan shi ne ɗigar fitsari ɗaya bayan ɗaya.
7. Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying: Wannan shi ne mutum ya gama yin fitsari amma bai daina jin fitsarin ba. Wannan shi zai sa mutum ya kama yin fitsari akai-akai kuma guntu-guntu.
8. Pain on urination: Jin zafi ko ciwo wajen yin fitsari.
9. Increased urinary frequency: Yawan yin fitsari akai-akai.

Gwaje-gwajen da akeyi domin gane tsukewar bututun fitsari

Da farko dai kamin ayi gwaje-gwaje likita ko mai kula da kiwon lafiya zai ɗauki cikakken tarihin yadda cutar ta fara ta hanyar yiwa marar lafiya tambayoyi masu zurfi. Bayan ɗaukar cikakken bayani likita zai duba al'aurar marar lafiya akan gado. Abubuwan da zai iya lura dasu sune; zai iya ganin tsukewar bututun fitsarin idan har ta faru ne kusa da ƙofar azzakari, zai iya samun kumburi a ƙasan azzakari, haka kuma zai iya samun kumburi ko ciwo a gefen ciki ta baya idan har tsukewar bututun fitsari ta yiwa ƙoda illah. Gwaje-gwajen da za'a iya yi sun haɗa da:

1. Retrograde urethrogram: Wannan wani hoto ne na musamman da ake yi domin gane tsukewar bututun fitsari. Idan za'a yi wannan hoton akan zuba wani ruwan sinadarin kala ta ƙofar azzakari domin ya shiga har zuwa mafitsara. Daga nan sai ayi amfani da na'ura mai amfani da hasken X-ray sai a ɗauki hoton azzakari.Wannan hoton yana nuna wuri nawa bututun ya tsuke, tsawo da kuma tsananin tsukewar.
2. Micturating cysto-urethrogram (MCUG): Wannan shima hoto ne kamar wanda muka yi bayani a baya, amma shi wannan ana sanya sinadari mai chanja kala ne a cikin mafitsara domin ya chanja kalar fitsarin da ke cikin mafitsara. Daga nan sai a ɗauki hoton azzakarin marar lafiya a lokacin da yake yin fitsari da na'urar daukar hoto ta X-ray. Wannan hoton yana nuna duk abubuwan da retrograde urethrogram yake nunawa, bugu da ƙari, yana nuna ragowar fitsari a cikin mafitsara idan har akwai shi yayin da marar lafiya ya gama fitsari. (Masu tsukewar bututun fitsari suna samun ragowar fitsari mai yawa a cikin mafitsara bayan sun gama yin fitsari. Wannan shi ne musabbabin mutum ya gama yin fitsari amma bai daina jin fitsarin ba).
3. Abdominopelvic Uss: Wannan hoton kayan ciki da kwankwaso ne wanda ake yi da na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto ta hanyar amfani da ƙaran sauti. Wannan hoton yakan nuna illolin da tsukewar bututun fitsari tayi wa ƙoda da mafitsara.
4. Urethroscopy: Wannan wani hoton bidiyo ne na musamman wanda zai nuna yanayin bututun fitsari da kuma duk abinda ke cikinsa.

Yadda ake maganin tsukewar bututun fitsari

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban da likitoci kan bi domin magance wannan cutar. Amma hanya wadda tafi ita ce hanyar yin tiyata domin gyara inda ya tsuke. Babu wani magani da ake iya sha domin warware bututun da ya tsuke. Hanyoyin da likitoci ke bi sune kamar haka:

• Urethral dilatation: Wannan shi ne sanyawa wasu ƙarafa da ake kira dilators a cikin bututun fitsari domin faɗaɗa wurin da ya tsuke. Wannan hanyar ba'a cika son yin amfani da ita ba sai ga tsukewar da ta ƙara dawowa bayan anyi tiyata ko kuma tsukewar da ta gagara. Idan mutum ya zaɓi wannan hanyar zai riƙa zuwa asibiti akai-akai ana sanya masa waɗannan ƙarafan.

• Urethrotomy: Wannan wata 'yar ƙaramar tiyata ce da ake amfani da wata na'ura domin yanke wurin da ya tsuke a cikin bututun fitsari.

• Urethroplasty: Wannan ita ce tiyata ta musamman domin gyara bututun fitsarin da ya tsuke. A cikin wannan tiyata likita zai buɗe bututun fitsarin ya cire wurin da ya tsuke sannan ya maye gurbin sa da wata fata daga cikin jikin marar lafiya. Fatar da akafi amfani da ita, itace fatar cikin baki. Haka kuma idan wurin da ya tsuke ɗan kaɗan ne baya buƙatar a maye gurbin sa da wata fata, likita kawai zai cire inda ya tsuke sannan ya haɗe tsakanin bututun ya ɗinke ba tare da sanya wata fata ba. Bayan an gama aikin tiyatar, za'a sanyawa marar lafiya robar fitsari domin bada dama ga bututun fitsari ya warke. Tiyatar urethroplasty itace tiyata mafi inganci da akeyi yanzu domin magance matsalar tsukewar bututun fitsari.

Yana da muhimmanci sosai bayan anyi wa marar lafiya aikin tiyatar bututun fitsari idan ya warke kuma har an cire robar fitsari ya kama zuwa yana ganin likita akai-akai. Saboda tsukewar bututun fitsari takan iya dawowa ko bayan anyi tiyata.

Yadda mutum zai kare kansa daga tsukewar bututun fitsari

1. Gujewa kowane irin rauni da zai shafi al'aurar mutum.
2. Amfani da robar kariya ta condom ga masu yin jima'i barkatai.
3. Saurin neman magani ga wanda ya kamu da cutar sanyin Gonorrhoe ko Chlamydia.
4. Gujewa sanya robar fitsari har sai ya zama dole.
5. Amfani da robar fitsari ta waje mai kamar robar condom maimakon wadda ake sawa a cikin azzakari.
6. Idan ya zama dole ayi amfani da robar fitsari mai shiga cikin azzakari toh ayi amfani da'yar ƙarama.

Illolin tsukewar bututun fitsari

1. Haifar da matsanancin riƙewar fitsari - Acute urinary retention
2. Cututtukan fitsari akai-akai - Recurrent urinary tract infections
3. Yoyon fitsari - Urethro-cutaneous fistula
4. Ciwon ƙoda - Renal failure
5. Kumburar mafitsara - Bladder hypertrophy
6. Cutar gwaiwa - Hernia
7. Fitsarin jini
8. Jin ciwo a wajen fitsari

Kammalawa

A cikin wannan rubutu munga cewa cutar tsukewar bututun fitsari cuta ce dake damuwar maza masu shekaru dayawa ko kuma tsofaffin maza, yana da wahala a samu cutar ga mata ko ƙananan yara. Munga cewa alamomin tsukewar bututun fitsari sun haɗa da samun jinkiri wajen fara yin fitsari, yunƙuri yayin fitsari, fitar fitsari sannu sannu, da dai sauransu. Haka kuma munga hanyoyi daban-daban da ake bi domin magance wannan cutar da kuma hanyoyin kariya dagareta.

Idan kuna da tambaya sai kuyi a cikin akwatin sharhi dake ƙasa, Insha Allah zamu karba ba tare da jinkiri ba. Haka kuma zaku iya shiga group dinmu na WhatsApp domin kasancewa damu damu a koda yaushe da kuma samun ingantattun bayanan mu a cikin sauki. Ku danna wannan domin shiga: Lafiyata Group 3. 

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