Cututtukan da ke sa mata yin gashin gemu, saje da gashin baki - (Hirsutism)

Gabatarwa:

Fitar da gashi a fuska siffa ce da aka sani ta maza ba mata ba. Amma abin al'ajabi watarana sai kaga wasu mata da irin waɗannan siffofin na gemu, saje da kuma gashin baki, wasu ma har da gashin ƙirji. Ana kiran wannan matsalar da Hirsutism a turance, ku biyo mu sannu a cikin wannan rubutu zamu yi bayani dallah-dallah game da  hirsutism, cututtukan da ke kawo shi da kuma yadda ake maganin su.

Mene ne hirsutism?

Hirsutism wata matsala ce da ke kawo yawan yin gashi a jikin ɗan adam. Duk da cewa wannan matsalar tana shafuwar maza da mata amma ba safai akan iya gane ta a jikin maza ba saboda maza lafiyayyi  suna iya fitar da gashi a duk sassan jikinsu. Amma mata basu fitar da gashi a jikinsu sai a wurare 'yan ƙalilan (gashin kai, gashin hamata, gashin gira da gashin al'aura). Wanna shi yasa daga matsalar ta shafi mace zata bayyana kai tsaye ta hanyar fitar gashi a wuraren da suka saɓawa ɗabi'a.

Me ke kawo hirsutism?

Matsalar hirsutism alama ce ta wasu cututtuka da suka samo asali sakamakon yawaitar sinadaran hormones na androgens ko kuma su kan kawo yawaitar waɗannan sinadaran a jikin ɗan adam. 

Sinadaran hormones na androgens su ake kira da turanci 'male sex hormones', ma'ana sinadaran jima'i na maza. Sinadarai ne masu sarrafa dukkan halayyar namiji na ɓangaren sha'awa, da jima'i da kuma sauya halittar sa daga ƙaramin yaro zuwa baligi. 

Munyi bayanin dallah dallah game da yadda ake ƙirƙirar waɗannan sinadaran da kuma hidimar da suke yi a lokacin balagar yaro a cikin wannan rubutu; 'Bayani game da yadda yara ke balaga da kuma sauyin halittar da ake samu bayan balaga'.

Yawan waɗannan sinadaran a cikin jinin mutum mace ko namiji shi ke kawo matsalar hirsutism. Bayan hirsutism (matsalar yawan fitar gashi) akwai wasu alamomi da hauhawar waɗannan sinadaran hormones na androgens ke haifarwa

Alamomin hauhawar sinadaran hormones na androgens ga maza

1. Hirsutism - Yawan fitar gashi a dukkan jiki
2. Acne - Yawan fitar da ƙurajen fuska (Pimples)
3.  Increased libido - Mummunar sha'awar jima'i
4. Increased growth - Girman jiki sosai
5. Balding - Sanƙo

Alamomin hauhawar sinadaran hormones na androgens ga mata

1. Acne - Yawan ƙurajen fuska (Pimples)
2. Hirsutism - Fitar da gashin baki, saje, gashin gemu ko gashin ƙirji
3. Male voice - Muryar mace zaiyi kauri kamar na maza
4. Menstrual abnormalities - Za ta kama samun matsalar rashin yin al'ada akai-akai. Matsalar da suke samu ita ce oligomenorrhea (munyi bayanin oligomenorrhea a cikin wannan rubutu "Bayani game da rikicewar jinin al'ada da kuma yadda ake magani"
5. Infertility - Rashin haihuwa
6. Small breasts - Ƙananan nonuwa
7. Scalp hair loss - Ƙanƙancewar gashin kai
8. Masculine appearance - Jikin maza
9. Clitoromegaly - Kumburin beli (clitoris ɗin mace kan iya girma sosai).
10. Increased libido - Matsananciyar sha'awar jima'i
11. Obesity - Ƙiba (taiɓa).

Cututtukan da ke kawo matsalar yawan fitar gashi ga mata (Hirsutism)

1. Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Kashi 70 cikin 100 na matsalar hirsutism tana faruwa ne ga mata masu fama da wannan cutar ta polycystic ovarian syndrome. Wannan wata cuta ce wadda ke haifar da kumburi da wasu ƙuraje acikin ovaryn mace. Haka kuma tana haifar da hauhawar sinadaran hormones na androgens a jikin mace.

Alamomin cutar polycystic ovarian syndrome

Akwai wasu sharuɗɗa guda huɗu (4) da ake kira da turanci Rotterdam's criteria da ake buƙatar mace ta sami aƙalla guda uku (3) a cikinsu kamin a tabbatar da cewa tana da cutar polycystic ovarian syndrome. Waɗannan sharuɗɗan sune:

1. Mace ta kasance tana da wasu alamomin hauhawar sinadaran androgens kamar yadda muka bayyana su a sama.
2. Mace ta kasance tana samun matsalar rikicewar jinin al'ada, bata yin al'ada akai-akai. (oligomenorrhea).
3. Rashin haihuwa (saboda ovaryn mata masu wannan cutar bata yin ƙwai akai-akai)
4. Alamomin kumburi da wasu ƙwayaƙwai a cikin ovaryn mace yayin da akayi hoton ciki na  abdominopelvic ultrasound.

Sauran alamomin cutar polycystic ovarian syndrome sun haɗa da dukkan alamomin hauhawar sinadaran androgens da muka ambata a baya.

Yadda ovaryn mace mai cutar polycystic ovaries syndrome take yin ƙwayaƙwai

Yadda ake gane cutar polycystic ovarian syndrome a asibiti

Mafi yawancin abubuwan da ke tilasta mata masu wannan cutar zuwa asibiti su ne; matsalar rashin haihuwa, rikicewar al'ada da kuma matsalar fitar gashin gemu, saje ko gashin ƙirji. 

Likita zai yiwa marar lafiya tambayoyi na musamman domin gane tarihin cutar da kuma tabbatar da cewa mace ta cika sharuɗɗan Rotterdam's criteria.

Bayan haka za'a duba marar lafiya a kan gadon asibiti domin ƙara tabbatar da wasu alamomi, haka kuma za'a auna tsayin ta da kuma nauyin ta domin lissafa BMI ɗinta (Wannan BMI shi zai nuna ƙibar ta lafiyayya ce ko akasin haka, saboda masu wannan cutar mafi yawanci suna yin ƙiba).

Daga nan kuma za'a yi wasu gwaje-gwaje kamar haka;

1. Abdominopelvic Uss: Hoton kayan ciki ta hanyar amfani da na'ura mai daukar sauti. Wannan hoton shi zai nuna kumburi da kuma ƙurajen da ke cikin ovaryn mace.
2. Hormonal assay: Auna yawan sinadaran hormones dake cikin jinin mace. Wannan gwajin shi zai tabbatar da hauhawar sinadaran hormones na androgens. Sinadaran da ake aunawa sune; Testosterone, LH da kuma FSH.
3. Fasting blood sugar: Auna sinadarin glucose ɗin da ke cikin jini bayan mace tayi azumin aƙalla awa takwas (8).
4. Fasting insulin level: Auna sinadaran insulin da yake cikin jini bayan mace tayi azumin aƙalla awa takwas (8).

Gwaji na 3 da na 4 ana yin su ne domin tabbatar da ciwon sugar, saboda masu wannan cutar sukan samu ciwon sugar watarana.

Yadda ake maganin polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Maƙasudin shan magani a cutar polycystic ovarian syndrome shi ne;

1. Daidaituwar jinin al'adar mace
2. Taimakawa mace ta sami haihuwa
3. Magance matsalar fitar gashi a fuska da kuma ƙurajen fuska
4. Rage ƙiba
5. Da kuma rage yiyuwar kamuwa da sanƙarar bangon mahaifa na ciki.

Domin taimakawa mace wajen daidaita jinin al'adar ta ana amfani da magungunan bada tazarar iyali masu ɗauke da sinadarin estrogens da progesterones a haɗe. Combined oral contraceptives pills (COCP).

Domin taimakawa mace ta haihu ana amfani da magungunan da zasu taimakawa ovary ta samar da tantanin halittun haihuwa na mata (ƙwai). Waɗannan magungunan sun haɗa da;

1. Clomiphene citrate
2. Human menopausal gonadotropins (HMG)

Domin taimakawa wajen rage yawan fitar gashin fuska da kuma yawan ƙiba, ana amfani da maganin Metformin.

Bayan haka, ana so mace mai fama da wannan cutar ta zamo tana motsa jiki akai-akai sannan kuma tana cin abinci lafiyayye mai gina jiki.

2. Sauran cututtukan da kan iya sa mata yin gashin fuska

1. Cushing syndrome: Wannan cuta ce da ke faruwa sakamakon hauhawar sinadaran hormone na cortisol a cikin jinin mace.
2. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Wannan cuta ce da ake haihuwar mace da ita. Cutar tana sanya yawan samar da sinadaran hormones na androgens da kuma sinadarin cortisol daga adrenal glands. Waɗannan sinadaran zasu hauhawa sosai a cikin jini.
3. Cutar sanƙarar ovary: Wannan cuta tana sanya ovary samar da sinadaran hormones na androgens ba bisa ƙa'ida ba.
4. Medications: Wasu magungunan suna kawo fitar gashi barkatai. Kamar irin su: Danazol, Minoxidil, Topical androgens da dai sauransu.
5. Hypertrichosis: Wannan cuta ce da ake gado wadda kesa namiji ko mace fitar da gashi mai yawa a duk sassan jikinsu.

Yadda ake maganin fitar gashin fuska ga mata

Idan har gashin fuska wanda baya jin aski ya dami mace. Toh zata iya amfani da waɗannan magunguna da kuma man shafawa domin hana fitar gashin.

1. Magungunan bada tazarar iyali na combined oral contraceptives pills
2. Magungunan da ke hana sinadaran hormones na androgens yin aikinsu. Kamar maganin Spironolactone
3. Man shafawa mai ɗauke da sinadarin eflornithine (vaniqa). Wannan maganin yana hana fitowar sabon gashin fuska amma baya kashe wanda ya riga ya fito. Don haka yafi kyau a fara shafa shi daga zarar anyi aski.

A lura cewa za'a ɗauki tsawon lokaci aƙalla wata shida ana amfani da waɗannan magunguna kamin a fara ganin sakamako.

Kammalawa

A cikin wannan rubutu mun ga cewa gashin fuska, saje gemu da gashin baki duk da cewa siffofi ne na maza, amma ana iya samun wasu cututtuka su sanya mata fitar dasu. 

Haka zalika, munga cewa cutar da aka fi ɗorawa alhakin fitar da wannan gashin fuska ga mata ita ce cutar polycystic ovarian syndrome wadda bayan fitar da gashi kuma tana hana haihuwa. Yana da kyau mace ta garzaya zuwa asibiti daga zarar ta fara ganin sauyi akan ɗabi'ar fitar gashi a jikinta.

Idan kuna da tambaya sai kuyi a cikin akwatin sharhi dake ƙasa, Insha Allah zamu karba ba tare da jinkiri ba. Haka kuma zaku iya shiga group dinmu na WhatsApp domin kasancewa damu damu a koda yaushe da kuma samun ingantattun bayanan mu a cikin sauki. Ku danna wannan domin shiga: Lafiyata Group 3. 

Nassoshi

Olorunrinu, Kikelomo, "Nigerian Women Living in The United States are More Hirsute than Those Living in Nigeria." (2008). Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library. 366. https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ymtdl/366