Ƙa'idojin Duba Marar Lafiya Da Ba Jinsi Ɗaya Da Likita Ba

A ƙarƙashin ƙa’idoji da ɗabi’ar ayyukan lafiya na yau da kullum, babu wani tanadi na musamman wanda yake hana maza likitoci ko ɗalibai masu karatun lafiya su duba dukkanin sassan jikin namiji ko mace, har ma da sassan tsiraici. 

Amma duk da haka, akwai ƙa’idoji da ake bi na ɗabi’ar yau da kullum domin kyautata ayyukan lafiya waɗanda aka tsara domin tabbatar da girmama haƙƙi, jin daɗi, natsuwa, da kuma mutuncin marasa lafiya, ba tareda la’akari da jinsi ba. 

Waɗannan ƙa’idojin suna aiki ga likitoci maza da mata lokacin da suke duba marasa lafiya waɗanda ba jinsin su ba. Kaɗan daga cikin muhimman ƙa'idojin kyautata ayyukan lafiyar sune kamar haka:

1. Amincewar Maras Lafiya (Patient's Informed Consent)

Kafin likita yayi kowanne irin bincike, musamman wanda ya shafi wuraren da suka danganci tsiraicin maras lafiya, toh dole ne likitan ya samu amincewar maras lafiya. Ma'ana, likitan dole yayi wa maras lafiya bayani dallah-dallah abin da yake son yi, yadda za'a yi abin da kuma muhimmancin yin abin. 

Dole likita ya tabbatar da maras lafiya ya fahimce abin da za'a yi sannan ya nemi ya bada izini a aikata cikin yardarsa. Misali, likita ya sanar da mace maras lafiya cewa akwai buƙatar ta tuɓe rigar ta domin ya mammatsa nononta saboda ya gane irin ƙullutun da yake cikinsa wanda dalilin sa ne taje asibiti. Hakan zai zamo dole ne domin idan ba'a yi hakan ba, to, ba za'a iya gane ainihin irin ƙullutun ba, balle a magance shi.

2. Samun Wani Da Zai Taimaka (Presence of Chaperone)

Domin a kare maras lafiya daga halayyar wasu ɓata garin likitoci, da kuma kare likitoci daga wasu ɓata garin maras lafiya, dole ne a dokar asibiti idan likita zai duba wani maras lafiya da ba jinsin su ɗaya ba (ma'ana likita namiji zai duba mace, ko likita mace za ta duba namiji) a samu wata mace (idan marar lafiya mace ce) ko wani namiji (idan marar lafiya namiji ne) ma'aikaciya ko ma'aikacin lafiya ya kasance a wurin, yayin da likita yake gudanar da bincike akan sassan tsiraicin jikin mace ko namiji maras lafiya. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen tabbatar da samun natsuwar maras lafiyan da kuma ƙarin kariya daga zargin lalata ga likitan.

3. Samun Natsuwa Da Zaɓin Maras Lafiya (Patient's Comfort and Choice)

A wasu cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya ana baiwa maras lafiya damar zaɓin likita na jinsin sa, idan yana jin kunya ko rashin natsuwa da likitan da zaiyi binciken ba jinsin sa bane. Idan ba'a samu likita jinsin sa ba, to, za'a iya tabbatar da samun natsuwar ne ta hanyar bayar da dan rakiya (chaperone).

4. Nuna Ƙwarewa da Kiyaye Sirri (Professionalism and Privacy)

Ana tsammanin likitoci su nuna matuƙar ƙwarewa tare da kiyaye sirrin tsiraicin maras lafiya yayin kowanne irin bincike. Wannan ya haɗa da yin amfani da labulen kewaye gadon maras lafiya (screen), ko kuma taƙaita buɗe jikin maras lafiya gwargwadon iko. 

Misali, idan fito da nonon mace ta saman rigar nonon ta zai wadatar wajen duba nononta, toh, ba buƙatar likita yace sai lallai ta cire rigar ta gaba ɗaya tayi tumɓur, duk da cewa akwai buƙatar yin haka a ƙa'idar irin wannan binciken.

5. La'akari da Al’adun Maras Lafiya (Cultural Sensitivity)

A wasu al'adu ko yankuna, kamar sassan Arewacin Najeriya, an fi buƙatar jinsin likita namiji ya duba namiji, mace kuma ta duba mace wajen binciken tsiraicin maras lafiya. Amma ya kamata musan cewa a likitance ba'a hana yin akasin hakan ba.

Game da abinda ya shafi naƙuda da karɓar haihuwa kuwa, abinda yasa ba'a barin ma'aikatan lafiya maza su riƙa shiga ɗakin haihuwa (labour room) shine:

1. (Kirkirarriyar Dokar Asibiti): A yawancin asibitoci, musamman a Arewacin Najeriya, ba'a bai wa maza izinin shiga cikin ɗakin haihuwa, sai dai in ma'aikacin lafiya ne a wannan ɗakin  saboda al'adar kiwon lafiya (healthcare practices) da ake yin amfani da ita.

2. Ayyukan Likitoci da Ma'aikatan Lafiya (Role of Doctors and Healthcare Workers): Ma'aikatan lafiya su ne su ke da alhakin kula da uwa da jaririn ta yayin haihuwa domin tabbatar da cewa an bi kyawawan ka'idoji wajen samar da ingantacciyar kulawa da tsaro ga uwa da jaririn ta. Don haka ba sai dangin marar lafiya mata sun shiga ɗakin haihuwa ba, balle ma danginta maza.

A taƙaice, idan asibiti ya zamo baya da likitoci ko ma'aikatan lafiya mata waɗanda za su amshi haihuwa, toh, yakan zamo dole ne a kyale ma'aikatan lafiya maza su riƙa shiga domin amsar haihuwa. 

Idan kuwa akwai wadatattun ma'aikatan lafiya, toh, ba za'a bari maza su riƙa shiga ɗakin haihuwa ba. Anayin hakan ne bisa kokarin kiyaye tanadin dokar addini da na al'ada wajen kare ganin tsiraicin juna tsakanin mata da maza, amma ba domin ainihin tsarin kiwon lafiya ya tilasta yin hakan ba.