Wasu daga cikin mu'ujizozin Alƙur'ani dangane da ilimin kimiyya da fasaha

Gabatarwa:

 Babban abin da ya kamata a tuna shi ne cewa ilimi (Al-Ilim) a Musulunci shi ne Hasken shiryarwa (Huda) mai raba daidai da kuskure (Al furqan).  Don haka kamar yadda rana ta ke haskaka idanuwanmu don ganin duniyar da ke kewaye da mu, ilmi shi ne tushen shiriya don gane ayoyin Allah (SWT) da ke kusa da mu.

 "Za mu nuna musu ayoyinMu a cikin sammai da rãyukansu, har ya bayyana a gare su cewa lalle ne wannan (Alƙur'ani) shi ne gaskiya.." (Alƙur'ani 41:53).

 A bisa wannan ayar ta Alqur'ani Allah (SWT) ya kwadaitar da musulmi da su kiyaye ilmi da kuma nazarin halittu domin samun wasu daga cikin ayoyinsa.  Don haka ne ayoyin Alqur'ani mai girma da yawa ke kiran musulmi zuwa ga nazarin dabi'a da neman ilimi, kuma an fassara hakan da nufin kwadaitarwa ga binciken kimiyya.

 An sake jaddada muhimmancin neman ilimi a cikin Alqur'ani mai girma tare da umarni akai-akai, kamar "Allah zai ɗaukaka waɗanda suka yi imani daga cikinku da waɗanda suke da ilmi da daraja" (Alƙur'ani 58:11), "Ya Ubangijina!  Ka ƙara mini ilimi" (Alƙur'ani 20:114), da "kamar yadda Allah Ya sanar da shi, sai ya rubuta" (Alƙur'ani 2:282).  Irin wadannan ayoyin Al-ƙur'ani suna ba da kwarin guiwa ga al'ummar Musulunci wajen kokarin neman ilimi.

 Bugu da ƙari, ana ɗaukar wannan ayar Alƙur'ani "Kuma daga ilimi, an ba ku kaɗan ne kawai" (Qur'an 17: 85) a matsayin kwaɗaitarwa zuwa ga neman sabon ilimi.  A wannan mahangar, a cewar  wani Malam Shamsher Ali, akwai kusan ayoyi 750 a cikin Alqur'ani mai girma da suka yi magana kan al'amuran halittun da ke cikin duniya. Ga wasu marubuta musulmi, binciken ilimin kimiyya ya samo asali ne daga Al-Tauhidi, wanda ke nuna cewa akwai cikakkiyar jituwa tsakanin abubuwan al'ajabi da ke faruwa a cikin duniya, abubuwan da ilimin kimiyya da fasaha ke ganowa, da kuma kalmominSa a cikin Alkur'ani mai girma.  Hakika, Alkur'ani mai girma, wanda aka saukar ƙarnuka goma sha hudu da suka wuce, ya ambaci hujjojin kimiyya da fasaha da aka gano ba da dadewa ba a wannan zamani. Wadannan kadan kenan daga cikin hujjoji da bayanan kimiyya da fasaha dayawa da aka samu a cikin Alqur'ani:

 1. Ruwa

 A cikin suratu Anbya'i an saukar da cewa: “Mun halitta kowane mai rai daga ruwa, shin, ba za su yi imani ba?  (Alkurani, 21:30) kuma sai bayan da aka gano na’urar hangen nesa (microscope) ne aka tabbatar da cewa dukkan abubuwa masu rai sun kunshi ruwa ne.

 2. Samuwar duniya: The Big Bang Theory

 A cikin Suratul Anbiya'i, Allah (SWT) yana cewa: “Shin, waɗanda suka kafirta ba su gani ba cewa sammai da kassai sun kasance haɗe, sai Muka raba su” (Alƙur'ani 21:30). A shekara ta 1929, masanin ilimin sararin samaniya (Astronomer) dan kasar Amurka Edwin Hubble yayi wani bincike a inda ya gano dukkan halittun da ke sararin samaniya suna yin nisa daga doron kasa a cikin saurin da ya dace da nisan da ke tsakaninsu, wato gwargwadon nisan da ke tsakaninsu gwargwadon saurin tafiyarsu. A ilimin kimiyya da fasaha ana kiran wannan bincike da dokar Hubble. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan, Hubble ya sake gano cewa taurari suna yin nisa daga juna kuma hakan yana nufin cewa sararin samaniya yana faɗaɗa gaba ɗaya.

 Wannan binciken shi ne ya kafa tushen ka'idar Big Bang (Big bang theory) wadda ta bayyana cewa kimanin shekaru biliyan 12-15 da suka gabata duniya ta fara samuwa daga wuri guda mai tsananin zafi da yawa, sakamakon fashewar wannan wuri ne duniya ta samu. Duniya, tun daga wannan lokacin, tana ƙaruwa ta hanyar faɗaɗawa daga wannan wuri guda ɗaya.  A cikin shekarar 1965, wasu masana ilimin sararin samaniya Arno Penzias da Robert Wilson sun sami lambar yabo ta Noble prize don binciken da suka yi wanda ya tabbatar da ka'idar Big Bang.  Idan aka duba ayar da aka ambata a sama, alhali kuwa Allah Shi ne Mafi sani, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa Alqur’ani ya riga yayi bayani cewa “Sammai da Qassai sun kasance dunkule ne, sai Muka raba su”.

3. Yadda duniya zata ƙare: The Big Crunch Theory

 Har ila yau, a cikin suratul Anbya'i, Allah (SWT) yana cewa: “Ranar da Muke naɗe sama kamar yadda ake naɗe takardar littattafai. Kamar yadda Muka fara halitta ta a farko, haka zamu sake mayar da ita. Alƙawari ne a gare Mu. Lalle Mũ, Mãsu aikatãwa ne." (Alƙur'ani 21:104).  Wannan ya dace da ka'idar Big Crunch theory wacce ke magana game da yadda duniya za ta ƙare, idan lokacin ƙarewar ta yayi zata daina faɗaɗa sai ta fara dunƙulewa tana yin zafi har sai ta koma irin yadda take kamin fashewar Big bang.

 Lallai, Big Crunch theory tana ɗaya daga cikin bayanai da masana kimiyya suka yi waɗanda ke nuna cewa duniya za ta iya ƙarewa yayin da suka yi la'akari da yanda ta fara a Big Bang theory.  Kamar dai yadda Alqur'ani ya yi bayaninsa da kyau a sama.

 4. Ilimin yadda jariri ke samuwa: Embryology

 A cikin suratul Mu’uminun, Allah (SWT) yana cewa “Kuma lalle ne mun halicci mutum daga wani tsantsa daga lãka.  Sa'an nan Muka sanya shi ya zama ɗigon maniyyi a cikin wani matabbata natsattsiya.  Sa'an nan kuma Muka halitta shi gudan jini, sa'an nan Muka halitta gudan jini ya zama tsoka, sa'an nan Muka halitta tsokar ta zama ƙasusuwa, sa'an nan Muka tufatar da ƙasusuwan da wani nãma, sa'an nan Muka ƙaga shi wata halitta daban…" (Alƙur'ani 23:12-14).

 Kimiyya ta tabbatar da hakan ne kawai da taimakon fasahar zamani.  Farfesa Emeritus Keith L. Moore shi ne daya daga cikin mashahuran masana kimiyya a duniya a fannin ilmin halittar jiki da ilmin yadda jarirai ke samuwa a cikin mahaifa, wanda ya ce “A bayyane yake a gare ni cewa waɗannan kalamai sun zo wurin Muhammad daga wurin Allah ne, domin kusan dukkansu ba a gano wannan ilimin ba sai bayan ƙarnuka da yawa bayan Alƙur'ani yayi bayanin su”.

 5. Kariyar Sama

 Har wa yau a cikin Suratul Anbya'i, Allah (SWT) yana cewa: “Kuma Muka sanya sama ta zama rufin asiri, alhali kuwa su, daga ayoyinta, masu bijirewa ne” (Alƙur'ani 21:32).  Gaskiya ne a kimiyance cewa sama tare da dukkan iskar gas da ke sararin samaniya suna kare kasa da rayuwar da ke cikinta daga hasken rana mai cutarwa.

 6. Samuwar Ƙarfe a cikin Meteorites: Iron within Meteorites

 A cikin suratu Al-Hadid Allah ya faɗi cewa: “... Kuma Mun saukar da baƙin ƙarfe a cikin sa akwai cutarwa mai tsanani da amfani ga mutane...” (Alƙur'ani 57:25).  A cewar M. E. Walrath, ƙarfe da ake samu a cikin ƙasa ba a nan aka halicce shi ba. Masana kimiyya sun bayyana cewa biliyoyin shekaru da suka wuce, meteorites sun faɗo a duniya (Meteorites wasu duwatsu ne da ke faɗowa daga sararin samaniya su fashe a doron ƙasa). A cikin waɗannan meteorites ne ake samun ƙarafa kuma saboda fashewar Meteorites a duniya ne ake samun ƙarafa daban-daban a cikin ƙasa.  Alqur'ani kamar yadda ya gabata, ya riga ya haskaka mana wannan gaskiyar da cewa "Mun saukar da ƙarfe...".

 7. Haɗuwar Tekuna

 A cikin suratu Ar-Rahman, Allah yana cewa: “Ya saki tekuna biyu, suna haɗuwa [gefe da juna], a tsakaninsu akwai wani shamaki [saboda haka] babu wani daga gare su mai ketare iyaka” (Alƙur'ani 55:19-20).  Kimiyya ta gano cewa a wuraren da tekuna daban-daban guda biyu suka haɗu, akwai wani shinge ko shamaki da ke raba su wanda ke taimaka wa duka tekunan su kula da yanayin zafinsu, da gishiri, da kuma yawa.

8. Motsin rana a cikin orbit

 A cikin Suratul Anbya'i, Allah yana cewa “Kuma Shi ne Ya halicci dare da yini da rana da wata;  Dukan su a cikin wani sarari suke iyo.” (Alƙur'ani 21:33). A cikin farkon ƙarni na ashirin, wannan magana ta motsin rana, ta kasance hikaya da masana ilimin sararin samaniya ne kawai ke yarda da ita. Amma a ingantacccen ilimin kimiyya da fasaha na yau ya tabbata cewa, rana da wata, da kuma dukan universe suna motsi suna kewaya wani orbit. Wannan motsin da kewayar da duniya ke yi shi yake haifar da dare da yini.

 9. Duwatsu a matsayin ginshikoki

 A cikin suratun Naba, Allah (SWT) yana cewa: “Shin, ba Mu sanya kasa shimfiɗa ba?  Kuma duwatsu a matsayin ginshikoki (waɗanda suka riƙe ƙasa)?”  (Alkurani, 78:6-7).  A cikin wani littafi na wani masanin ilmin geophysics Frank Latsa mai suna 'Earth' (1986), ya bayyana yadda tsaunuka suke kamar ginshikoki ko kuma turaku da suke ƙarfafa riƙe ƙasa, kuma wasu sun tashi daga ƙasa suna shiga har a cikin sararin samaniya.  Dutsen Everest wanda tsayinsa ya kai kimanin kilomita 9 daga doron ƙasa zuwa sararin samaniya, yana da zurfin da ya wuce kilomita 125 a cikin ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Don haka sai wannan bayani ya kara karfafa wahayin Alƙur'ani kan mahimmanci da karfin tsaunuka da duwatsu a waje  riƙe wannan ƙasa tamu.

 10. Faɗaɗa Duniya

 A cikin suratu Adh-Dhariyat, Allah (SWT) Ya ce: “Kuma sama mu Munka gina ta da karfi, kuma lalle ne, Mu ne masu yelwata ta” (Alƙur'ani 51:47).  A cewar fitaccen masanin kimiyyar lissafin Physics Stephen Hawking a cikin littafinsa ‘A Brief History of Time’, ya bayyana cewa “Binciken da ya gano sararin duniya na faɗaɗa yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan binciken da aka samu na ilimi a karni na 20”. Amma Alƙur'ani yayi bayani tun ƙarnuka dayawa da suka wuce Allah shi ne mai faɗaɗa sama.

 11. Jakadun ciwo da ke cikin fata

 A cikin suratun Nisa’i, Allah ya ce: “Za Mu aika waɗanda suka karyata ayoyinMu zuwa ga wuta (Jahannama). Kuma idan fatunsu ya ƙõne, Mu musanya musu da wata fata, dõmin su ci gaba da jin zafi, kuma Allah Mabuwãyi ne, Mai hikima.” (Alƙur'ani 4:56).

 Na dogon lokaci ana tunanin cewa jin zafi da ciwo ya dogara da ƙwaƙwalwa ne kawai. Amma daga baya, an gano cewa akwai wasu jakadu masu karɓar saƙon raɗaɗi da ciwo a jikin fata sannan su aikawa ƙwaƙwalwa.  Idan ba tare da waɗannan jakadu masu karɓar raɗaɗi ba, mutum ba zai iya jin zafi ba - wannan wani misali ne na mu'ujizar kimiyya na Kur'ani mai girma.

 12. Taguwar ruwa a cikin Teku

 A cikin suratun Nur, Allah (SWT) Ya saukar da cewa: “Ko kuma kamar duffai ne a cikin wani teku mai zurfi, tãguwar ruwa tana rufe da shi, a kansa akwai wata tãguwar ruwa, daga bisansa akwai girgije – duffai, sãshensu a kan sãshe. Idan mutum ya fitar da tafin hannunsa, da kyar ya gan shi.  Kuma wanda Allah bai sanya masa haske ba, to, bã shi da haske.” (Alƙur'ani 24:40).

 Abin mamaki, bayan shekaru aru-aru da saukar wannan aya, sai masana kimiyyar teku suka gano cewa, ba kamar yadda aka yi imani da cewa igiyoyin ruwa suna faruwa ne kawai a saman ruwa ba, akwai igiyoyin ruwa da ke faruwa a cikin teku, a ƙarƙashin ruwa.  Ba a iya ganinsu da idon ɗan adam, sai dai ana iya gano su ta hanyar kayan aiki na musamman.

 13. Sashen ƙwaƙwalwa na gaban goshi - Frontal lobe

 A cikin suratu Alaq, a cikin kissar wani mutum mai suna Abu Jahal wanda ya kasance azzalumin shugaban qabila a zamanin Manzon Allah (SAW), Allah ya saukar da aya domin ya gargaɗe shi.  A cikinsa ne Allah (SWT) yake cewa: “A’a!  Idan bai gushe ba, za Mu kama shi da goshinsa, goshinsa mai ƙarya mai zunubi.” (Alƙur'ani 96:15-16).

 A cewar wani littafi mai suna ‘Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology,’ an bayyana ƙarara cewa gaɓan ƙwaƙwalwa na gaban goshi ne ke da alhakin kuzari da hangen nesa da tsara yadda za'a yi abubuwa da kuma fara motsi.  Duk wannan yana faruwa ne a yankin sashen ƙwaƙwalwa na gaban goshi. Don haka Allah ya gargaɗe shi idan bai hanu daga cutar da manzonSa ba za'a kama shi da ɓangaren ƙwaƙwalwar da ke da alhakin motsi da tsare-tsare.  Sauran bincike ya tabbatar da cewa wannan sashen ƙwaƙwalwa na gaban goshi shi ne ke da alhakin aikata duk wata ƙarya da mutum zai yi.

 Wani bincike a Jami'ar Pennsylvania wanda aka gudanar ta hanyar yiwa mutanen da aka ɗauka a binciken tambayoyi. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa mutanen da suke yin ƙarya suna yawan amfani ne da sashen ƙwaƙwalwar su na gaban goshi.  Subhanallah, akwai ma'ana mai zurfi dalilin da ya sa Alqur'ani ya ce: "Za mu kama shi da goshinsa, goshinsa mai ƙarya mai zunubi"

14. Mahaifa

A cikin Surah Az-Zumar Allah yana cewa "....Yana halittaku acikin cikin iyayen ku, halitta a bayan halitta a cikin duffai uku. Wannan shi ne Allah Ubangijin ku. Mulki a gareshi yake. Babu abin bautawa da gaskiya face shi. Toh yaya ake karkatar da ku?"

Wannan ayar tayi nuni yadda Allah ya halicci ɗan adam a cikin cikin mahaifiyar shi kuma ta nuna cewa a cikin mahaifa akwai duffai guda uku. Bayan shekaru aru-aru da saukar wannan aya sai gashi masana ilimin halittar jikin ɗan adam sun gano cewa mahaifa tana da bango daban daban har guda uku. Bango na farko shi ake kira perimetrium, na tsakiya kuma shi ake kira myometrium sai kuma bango na ciki ana kiransa endometrium.

Kammalawa

 Babban abin da ya kamata a tuna shi ne cewa  ilimi (Al-Ilim) a Musulunci shi ne Hasken shiryarwa (Huda) mai raba daidai da kuskure (Al furqan).  Don haka kamar yadda rana ta ke haskaka idanuwanmu don ganin duniyar da ke kewaye da mu, Al-ilm shi ne tushen shiriya don ganin alamun Allah (SWT) a kusa da mu.  Karin irin wadannan bayanai da aka riga aka ambata a cikin Alkur’ani kuma mutane za su tabbatar da su nan gaba kamar yadda Allah (SWT) ya fada a cikin Alkur’ani a cikin suratu Ar-Rahman, “To, saboda wanne daga ni’imomin Ubangijinku kuke karyatawa?

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