Matsalar gudawa da amai a lokacin da yara ke fitar da haƙora da yadda ake maganin ta (Diarrhoeal disease during teething)

 Gabatarwa:

Yara suna fara fitar da haƙora na wucin gadi a lokacin da suke tsakanin wata huɗu(4) zuwa shida(6) sannan suna gama fitarwa a lokacin da suka kai kamar shekara 3 na rayuwarsu. Gudawa da amai ya zamo kamar al'ada a duk  lokacin da yaro yake ƙoƙarin fitar da haƙora. A cikin wannan rubutu zamuyi bayani mai gamsarwa game da alaƙar amai ko gudawa da fitar da haƙora na wucin gadi[¹].

Me ke sa yara gudawa (zawo) da amai a lokacin da suke fitar da haƙora?

Al'ummar likitoci masana lafiyar ƙananan yara ta Amurka ta tabbatar da cewa lallai fitar haƙora ga yara baya kawo gudawa da amai kai tsaye. Sai dai al'ummar ta alaƙanta wasu abubuwa da ke faruwa lokacin fitar haƙora a matsayin musabbabin gudawa da amai da ke faruwa a wannan lokaci. Waɗannan abubuwa sun haɗa da;

1. Lokacin da yaro ke fara fitar da haƙora yayi daidai da lokacin da ake fara bashi abincin gida (supplementary feeding), wanda rashin sabawa da abincin yakan iya ɓata masa ciki har ya sanya shi gudawa ko amai kai tsaye. Cikin yaro yakan ɗauki ɗan lokaci kamin ya saba da irin abincin da za'a fara bashi idan yaro ya shafe wata shida (6) baya shan komai sai mama.

2. Lokacin fara fitar haƙora yayi daidai da lokacin da yaro zai fara rasa sojojin garkuwar jikin da yake samu daga mamar sa a lokacin da ta haife shi. Rasa Waɗannan sojojin garkuwar jiki yakan raunana garkuwar jikin yaro na ɗan lokaci kamin tasa garkuwar jiki tayi ƙarfi. Wannan raunin yakan sa 'yan cututtuka kaɗan su sanya yaro gudawa, amai, zazzaɓi ko kuma zafin jiki. Watakila mai karatu zai yi mamaki idan aka ce garkuwar jikin jariri sabon haihuwa tafi ta ɗan wata shida (6) ƙarfi, wannan ba abin mamaki bane saboda idan aka haifi yaro akwai sashen wasu sojojin garkuwar jikin mamarsa da zasu biyo shi su taimaka masa domin faɗa da cututtuka. Waɗannan sojojin basu iya wuce wata 6 suna aiki a jikin yaro, daganan kuma zasu mutu su bar yaro da garkuwar jikin sa matashiya[²].

3. A lokacin fitar da haƙora dasashin yaro yakan ɗan yi kumburi ya fara ƙaiƙayi da ciwo a wajen da haƙoran zai fito, wannan shi zai sa yaro ya kama sanya hannu a baki da kuma duk abinda ya samu sai yasa a cikin bakinsa domin yaji sauƙin wannan ƙaiƙayi da ciwo. Sanya abubuwa da dama waɗanda ba a tsafta ce ba a cikin baki yakan sanya yaro kamuwa da ƙananan cututtuka da zasu haifar masa da amai da gudawa, bugu da ƙari, gashi garkuwar jikin yaro a wannan lokaci tana fuskantar barazana, kamar yadda mukayi bayani a baya, saboda haka baza ta iya yin faɗa da ƙananan cututtukan ba.

4. A lokacin fitar da haƙora akan samu ƙarin fitar da yawu da kuma wasu sinadaran cytokines daga cikin jikin yaro. Wannan shi kaɗai yakan iya yin sanadiyyar tsinkewar ban hayar yaro.

Ya zanyi maganin amai da gudawa dake faruwa a lokacin da yaro na ke fidda haƙora?

Idan yaro ya fara amai da gudawa a lokacin da ya ke fitar da haƙora anaso a chigaba da shayar dashi mama sosai saboda gudun kaucewa matsalar Ƙarancin ruwan. Amai da gudawa su ne suka fi kawowa yara har ma da manya matsalar ƙarancin ruwan jiki. Ƙarancin ruwan jiki babbar matsala ce musamman ma ga yara ƙanana, munyi bayani dalla-dalla game da matsalar ƙarancin ruwan jiki a cikin wannan rubutun "Ƙarancin ruwan jiki a yara da kuma yadda ake maganin sa".

Ana so a ba yaro sinadarin ORS 100ml aƙalla sau uku a yini[²].

Ana so a ba yaro ƙwayar maganin zinc kullum (Tabs zinc 10mg dly).

Waɗannan matakai kawai ya isa yasa yaro ya daina amai da gudawa, amma idan anyi haka yaro bai daina ba sai a kai shi a asibiti domin a bashi ƙwaƙƙwaran kulawa.

Yadda za'a kare yaro da kamuwa da amai da gudawa yayin fitar da haƙora.

1. Tsafta 

Farkon abinda ya wajaba ga kowane mai kula da ƙaramin yaro shi ne tsafta. Tsaftace yaro da kuma dukan muhalli shi ne babbar madogara a wajen kariya daga cututtuka musamman irin na amai da gudawa. 

Kamar yadda muka yi bayani a baya, yara lokacin da suke fitar da haƙora sukan sa komi suka samu a bakinsu, wannan shi ya ƙara wajabta cewa dole yaro da muhallin da yake ya zamo mai tsafta ta yadda bazai iya samun ƙwayoyin cututtuka yasa a bakinsa cikin sauƙi ba[¹][²].

Domin gujewa yaro yakai cuta a bakin sa a lokacin da yake fitar da haƙora, turawa sun ƙirƙira wasu kayan wasa na roba (teething toys) da za'a ba yaro a lokacin da ya fara fitar da haƙoran. Yaro zai yi wasa da waɗannan robobin a cikin bakin sa. A lura cewa, waɗannan kayan wasa na roba suma dole ne a tsaftace su akai-akai saboda suma sukan iya ɗaukar cuta sukai a bakin yaro.

2. Yima yaro allurorin riga-kafi

Allurorin riga-kafi suna kare yaro daga cututtuka daban-daban ta hanyar ƙarfafa masa garkuwar jiki. Saboda haka ya zama wajibi ayi ma ko wane yaro allurorin riga-kafi idan yakai mizani.

3. Kula da abincin yaro

Ba yaro ƙwaƙƙwaran abinci mai gina jiki shima yana kare yaro daga cututtuka ta hanyar ƙara masa ƙarfin garkuwar jiki. A lokacin da za'a fara ba yaro abincin gida (supplementary feeding) ya kamata a shawarci likita masani lafiyar ƙananan yara domin shawarar yanda za'a fara da kuma me za'a fara dashi. Dalili kuwa shi ne farawa da wasu nau'o'in abinci sukan sa yaro gudawa kamar yadda mukayi bayani a baya. Bayan abincin gida haka zalika, anaso a cigaba da shayar da yaro mama yadda ya kamata[²].

Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita idan yarona na yin amai da gudawa (zawo)

1. Matsananciyar gudawa da ta kai sau biyar a yini

2. Gudawa da ta fi sau uku har tsawon kwana uku

3. Yaro na fama da zafin jiki ko zazzaɓi a lokacin da yake gudawa

4. Gudawa mai ɗauke da jini ko majina

5. Gudawa da ta ragewa yaro kuzari

6. Gudawar da ta sa yaro ya rame

7. Amai tare da gudawa a lokaci ɗaya

8. Yaro ya daina cin abinci.

Bayanin rufewa

A cikin wannan rubutu munga cewa fitar da haƙora ba shi yake kawo amai da gudawa ba. Amai da gudawa dake faruwa a lokacin fitar da haƙora suna da alaƙa ne da raunin garkuwar jikin yaro a lokacin, da kuma abubuwan da yake sanyawa a cikin bakinshi domin rage jin ƙaiƙayi da ciwon fitar haƙora. Haka zalika, munga hanyoyin da zamu bi muyi maganin amai da gudawa da kuma hanyoyin da zamu kare yaran mu daga kamuwa da wannan cutar.

Idan kuna da tambaya sai kuyi a cikin akwatin sharhi dake ƙasa, Insha Allah zamu karba ba tare da jinkiri ba. Haka kuma zaku iya shiga group dinmu na WhatsApp domin kasancewa damu damu a koda yaushe da kuma samun ingantattun bayanan mu a cikin sauki. Ku danna wannan domin shiga: Lafiyata Group 3. 

Nassoshi

1. Michael L. Macknin, Marion Piedmonte, Jonathan Jacobs, Christine Skibinski; Symptoms Associated With Infant Teething: A Prospective Study. Pediatrics April 2000; 105 (4): 747–752. 10.1542/peds.105.4.747

2. King CK, Glass R, Bresee JS, Duggan C; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Managing acute gastroenteritis among children: oral rehydration, maintenance, and nutritional therapy. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2003 Nov 21;52(RR-16):1-16. PMID: 14627948.

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